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Franz Seraph von Hanfstaengl (1804 Baiernrain - 1877 Munich) after Friedrich August von Kaulbach (1850 Munich - 1920 ibid.): Portrait of a Lady, 19th century, Photogravure Technique: Photogravure on Paper Date: 19th century Description: Signed and inscribed in the centre below the oval portrait in the printing plate. Franz Hanfstaengl was a German painter and lithographer. He won a gold medal at the Paris World's Fair in 1855 for showing retouched photographs. Franz Hanfstaengl is therefore considered the inventor of negative retouching. From 1825 to 1833 he created a lithographic collection of portraits of important Bavarian personalities ("Corpus Imaginum"). As a portrait lithographer of the Munich society Hanfstaengl, called Graf Litho, soon enjoyed great popularity. In 1833 he founded his own lithographic institute in Munich. Keywords: 19th century, Biedermeier, Portraits, Germany,